what must be done before using a forklift

What Must Be Done Before Using a Forklift: A Pre-Operational Checklist

Forklifts are powerful machines that play a vital role in various industries, from warehousing and manufacturing to construction and logistics. However, operating a forklift without proper preparation can lead to accidents, injuries, and costly damage. This article will outline the essential steps that must be taken before using a forklift to ensure safe and efficient operation.

1. Pre-Operational Inspection

A thorough pre-operational inspection is crucial for identifying any potential problems before operating a forklift. This inspection should include:

Visual Inspection:

Tires: Check for proper inflation, wear and tear, and any signs of damage (cuts, punctures, bald spots). Ensure tires are free from debris.

Mast and Carriage: Inspect for any cracks, bends, or signs of structural weakness. Check for proper mast chain tension.

Forks: Examine forks for cracks, bends, or signs of wear. Ensure the fork tips are not excessively worn or damaged.

Hydraulic Hoses and Lines: Check for leaks, cracks, or signs of wear and tear.

Lights and Horns: Ensure all lights and horns are functioning correctly.

Battery: For electric forklift, lithium battery forklift, and full electric pallet trucks, check battery charge level and ensure proper connections.

Controls: Test all controls, including steering, lifting, lowering, and tilting mechanisms, to ensure they operate smoothly and without any obstructions.

Safety Devices: Check the operation of safety devices such as the horn, seatbelt, and emergency stop button.

Fluid Levels:

For internal combustion engine forklifts (e.g., 5-ton diesel forklift, off-road forklift), check and top off fluids as necessary:

Engine oil

Coolant

Hydraulic fluid

Fuel

2. Operational Checks

Engine Start:

For internal combustion engine forklifts, start the engine and allow it to warm up briefly.

For electric forklifts, engage the power switch and ensure the battery charge level is sufficient.

Test Brakes:

Engage the parking brake and ensure it holds securely.

Test the service brakes to ensure they are functioning properly and the forklift stops smoothly.

Test Steering:

Move the forklift forward and backward, and turn it in both directions to ensure smooth and responsive steering.

Test Mast Functions:

Raise and lower the mast several times to ensure smooth and consistent operation.

Test the tilt function to ensure it operates correctly.

3. Workplace Assessment

Clear the Path: Ensure the travel path is clear of obstructions, such as pallets, boxes, or other vehicles.

Check for Pedestrians: Be aware of pedestrians in the work area and sound the horn to alert them of your presence.

Assess Floor Conditions: Check for uneven surfaces, slippery spots, or other hazards that could affect forklift stability.

4. Load Assessment

Determine Load Weight: Ensure the load weight does not exceed the forklift's rated capacity.

Center the Load: Center the load on the forks to maintain stability.

Secure the Load: If necessary, use appropriate load securing devices (e.g., straps, nets) to prevent the load from shifting or falling.

5. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Wear Appropriate Footwear: Wear sturdy, closed-toe shoes with good traction.

Use Seatbelts: Always wear the seatbelt when operating the forklift.

6. Operator Training

Certification: Ensure that all forklift operators have undergone proper training and are certified to operate the specific type of forklift (e.g., electric forklift, off-road forklift, hand hydraulic forklift).

Refreshers: Participate in regular refresher training to maintain and update operator skills and knowledge.

7. Follow Safety Procedures

Maintain Safe Distances: Maintain a safe following distance from other vehicles.

Avoid Distractions: Avoid distractions such as cell phones or conversations while operating the forklift.

Follow Traffic Flow: Adhere to designated traffic lanes and avoid unnecessary maneuvers.

Be Alert: Be constantly aware of your surroundings and potential hazards.

Conclusion

Performing a thorough pre-operational inspection and following safe operating procedures are crucial for preventing accidents and ensuring the safe and efficient operation of forklifts. By adhering to these guidelines, you can minimize the risk of injuries, damage, and costly downtime.